Business – Property Valuation

Properti (rumah) sebagaimana lowongan pekerjaan dan investasi adalah aspek kehidupan yang paling banyak terjadi penipuan, sebelas dua belas dengan pijat kesehatan, sebelas dua belas dengan jodoh. Maka, yang hal yang paling penting dari properti adalah valuation, estimation, karena properti, sebagaimana konsep-konsep lain yang rawan penipuan, sangat abstrak, orang tidak punya pengalaman dan seperti tadi disampaikan banyak penipuan.

Cara valuasi sebenarnya sederhana saja 1) lihat dari harga pasar (gaji sekarang) 2) lihat dari cost approach (tingkat pendidikan, sertifikasi) 3) lihat dari potensi. Meskipun demikian, meski tiga aspek due diligence itu dilakukan untuk menentukan valuasi, bisa saja valuasinya meleset.

Dari buku Real Estate Investing for Dummies, paling tidak ada 3 area yang harus dikuasai

1.Funding (how to get money, this is very basic problem of property as this very expensive)
2.Valuation (this is basically the core of this book, in my opinion, jargon like location, location, location)
3.Operation (Landlord, Risk, Accounting, Tax)

Bukunya bagus, jadi lebih mudah memahami prinsip-prinsip investasi, yang tidak lebih adalah valuation.

Software Implementation Cost

Again, rule of thumb. 1:1:1 Sofware – Implementation – Hardware ref, ref

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IT Cost Estimation

IT Cost Estimation is an essential part of project management.

IFPUG GSC, a Project Estimation Approach

The value adjustment factor (VAF) is based on 14 general system characteristics (GSC’s) that rate the general functionality of the application being counted. Each characteristic has associated descriptions that help determine the degrees of influence of the characteristics. The degrees of influence range on a scale of zero to five, from no influence to strong influence. The IFPUG Counting Practices Manual provides detailed evaluation criteria for each of the GSC’S, the table below is intended to provide an overview of each GSC. ref

General System Characteristic		Brief Description
1.	Data communications	How many communication facilities are there to aid in the transfer or exchange of information with the application or system?
2.	Distributed data processing	How are distributed data and processing functions handled?
3.	Performance	Was response time or throughput required by the user?
4.	Heavily used configuration	How heavily used is the current hardware platform where the application will be executed?
5.	Transaction rate	How frequently are transactions executed daily, weekly, monthly, etc.?
6.	On-Line data entry	What percentage of the information is entered On-Line?
7.	End-user efficiency	Was the application designed for end-user efficiency?
8.	On-Line update	How many ILF’s are updated by On-Line transaction?
9.	Complex processing	Does the application have extensive logical or mathematical processing?
10.	Reusability	Was the application developed to meet one or many user’s needs?
11.	Installation ease	How difficult is conversion and installation?
12.	Operational ease	How effective and/or automated are start-up, back-up, and recovery procedures?
13.	Multiple sites	Was the application specifically designed, developed, and supported to be installed at multiple sites for multiple organizations?
14.	Facilitate change	Was the application specifically designed, developed, and supported to facilitate change?

Once all the 14 GSC’s have been answered, they should be tabulated using the IFPUG Value Adjustment Equation (VAF)

Function Point Analysis, A Project Estimation

Determining the size of a software using Function Point Analysis is part of Project Estimation, its part of Project Management Capability. Note to myself, how to answer everything from something.

Windows, Office, SAP, Oracle: 100K function points
Linux, Android, Google Search: 10K function points

IT Estimation is bigger than IT Valuation

The term of “valuation” usually used interchangeably with the word “estimation” where usually the later is more general term. Estimation is a method estimation is a method of finding estimate or approximation of an asset even if the input might be incomplete, uncertain or unstable. Estimation usually done by sampling (Industry Benchmark).

Valuation is an estimating method of determining the present value (PV) of an asset. Valuation is a method of determining the economic value (monetary value in term of money) of an owner’s interest in something. An organic vegetable cost Rp 10,000 in Bogor can be valued Rp 100,000 in Ranchmarket. Valuation is a subjective measurement based on owner’s interest.

Valuation can be done on tangible assets such as building, or intangible assets such as patents and trademarks or liabilities (bonds).

In IT Valuation the most common that used is cost approach. Cost approach is performed by estimating the effort required to build a software. The detailed cost approach that can be used is TCO (Total Cost of Ownership). TCO basically combine all the cost required to build a software for example, a software will require not only programmer, but also requires a software, a license and other hardware.